Introduction to Human Resource Management

Achieving quality of lifestyle is the main goal of every economy of the country. The country is trying to achieve good economic growth and a good lifestyle compared with the previous year. People in the world have unlimited needs and they try to fulfil their needs and wants using services and goods which are produced by the organizations.

The organization can be simply defined as two or more people work together to achieve common goals and objectives. Every organization's ultimate goal is supplying goods and services for people to the fulfilment of their needs and wants. Hence organization in the country plays a vital role and stability of the economy totally depend on good organizations. Organization are using various kind of limited resources to produce their goods and services for society. for example man, money, material, machines, minutes, methods and markets. Those are the resources every organization use to produce goods and services for society. Out of all these resources, Human resource is the most important resource in every organization.

Human resource management

There are so many authors has defined human resource management  like following ways,

"HRM is the distinctive approach to employment management which seek to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment   of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an array of cultural structural and personnel techniques" storey (1995, p.5)  

According to Beer et al. (1984)defined HRM as involving all those managers decisions and actions that affect the nature of the relationship between the organization and the employee.

According to Miller (1987) when he defined HRM as "those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage"

Human resources is employees who are working in the organization it s a very important resource of every organization comparing with other limited resources.
Comparing with other resources  human resource has unique  qualities  and characteristics,

• Live and active.
• the possibility of thinking and reacting.
• capable of influencing the determination of the cost of human resources.
• with the passage of time through the experience, training and education value of HR will increase
• can be organized like unions and groups
• cannot be forecast
• creative  
• Ability to take the decision of other resources.  

Basic HR functions 

Functions of the managers are common most of the small and large-scale organization.The function of the HRM also same most of the organization and it can be summarized as follows.

                                                        Figure: 1 source: slideshare.net

According to the above chart function of the HRM can be divided basically in two-part like managerial function and operative function. Under the managerial function, there are four types of functions like planning, organizing, directing and controlling. Under the operative function, we can identify 5 functions like procurement, development, compensation, integration and maintenance.

Managerial functions and operative functions

Managerial functions have basically four elements like Planning, organizing, directing and controlling. The operative function basically considering various kind of activities that effect for all the areas of the organization. Basically, HR functions are starting with job analysis.JA is a process identify details and information of particular jobs in the organization.
Human resource planning (HRP) identifies the current human resource requirement and the future requirement to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Some companies are preparing HRP beginning of the year to identify their manpower requirement.
Recruitment involves attracting qualified and suitable employees to the organization. Selection discusses interviewing candidates to find out suitable persons for the vacant position of the organization. Placement discusses assigning selected employees for the job at the organization. Induction discusses how to bring the selected employee to the company and way of introducing.In the induction process, we have to give basic information about the company its rules and regulation and information about the jobs.
Employee moving discusses all the transfers and promotion of the employees. The transfer involves shifting employees one job to another job without changing job duties and salary. Promotion involves the upward movement of an employee from one job to another job with new responsibility and higher pay. Demotion involves reverse side of promotion. Separation involves leaving of employees from the organization after several years of the company. In addition to this, there are so many important HR function can identify most of the companies in the world. For example Performance appraisal, training and development, salary administration, welfare administration and social and legal compliance.

References;

1.Available at http://dphu.org[Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].

2.Available at  https://www.gfsis.org[Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].

3.Available at http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.[Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].

4.Available at   www.iosrjournals.org  [Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].    
5.Available at  https://www.wiley.com[Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].
6Available at .http://chettinadtech.ac[Accessed: 11Decemebr,2018].